AI-assisted tools policy

01

Use by authors

Generative or analytical AI tools cannot be listed as authors. Human authors remain responsible for originality, accuracy, citations, permissions, confidentiality and every claim in the submission.

Material use of an AI tool in writing, translation, analysis, coding, image generation or data processing must be disclosed with the tool, purpose and extent of use. Routine spelling and grammar assistance does not normally require a formal declaration unless it changes substantive content.

02

Use in peer review

Reviewers and editors must not upload confidential manuscripts, data or review material to external AI systems unless the journal has expressly approved a secure service and the necessary rights, privacy safeguards and author notice are in place.

03

Fabrication and manipulation

Invented references, fabricated quotations, synthetic data presented as observed data, undisclosed generated images and deceptive alteration are forms of research misconduct. Editors may request source material, logs, data or methodological clarification when concerns arise.